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  • “Reinforcement” and the origin of species – Why Evolution Is True
    “Reinforcement” and the origin of species December 8, 2010 • 8:13 am The conventional definition of “a species” amongst evolutionary biologists is “a group of organisms whose members interbreed among themselves, but are separated from other groups by genetically-based barriers to gene flow ”
  • How (and how fast) do new species form? – Why Evolution Is True
    Now all of this represents our best current take about the origin of species, which is summed up in the technical book I wrote with Allen Orr in 2004, Speciation These views were not developed by Darwin, as he didn’t have a clear idea of the relationship between species and reproductive isolation
  • Darwin’s modernity in “The Origin”: anticipating the neutral theory and . . .
    That is, in the first edition of On the Origin of Species in 1859, Darwin mentioned that some “variations” (he meant what we called “the result of mutations”) could have no effect on survival or reproduction, and therefore whose fate would be determined by the vagaries of chance This is what the neutral theory, made prominent by Tomoko
  • Thread: On the “On the Origin of Species” - Why Evolution Is True
    On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection, or the Preservation of Favoured Races in the Struggle for Life That’s the title of the first five editions; in the Sixth (the last), the initial word was dropped There will be a quiz
  • Do “asexual” bacteria form biological species? - Why Evolution Is True
    Here, then, we have two species that were given the same name, perhaps because they had similar morphologies or culturing requirements, or because the genetic distance between them (indicating the time of separation) was pretty low, suggesting a recent origin These “cryptic species” were seen in 21 of the 91 named bacterial species
  • Species without relatives? - Why Evolution Is True
    Okapis are in the mammal family Giraffidae, which contains one other species, the giraffe (Giraffa cameleopardis, of which there is only one species but many [contested] subspecies) The specific name of giraffes, cameleopardis , has a Medieval Latin origin reflecting the fact that giraffes have spots like leopards but faces like camels
  • Darwin’s pigeons – Why Evolution Is True
    It is nice to see that, like Darwin’s claims regarding the single-species origin of all varieties of domestic pigeons, the ‘early results’ that Zimmer mentioned confirm the conclusions that one of Darwin’s steadiest sources, Edward Blyth, communicated to Darwin on April 3, 1856, that ‘all domestic pigeons arise from the wild rock dove; or, better, to use Blyth’s own words:
  • Sequencing of penguin genes gives family tree, presumed geographic . . .
    And geographic isolation, possibly enforced by temperature, is an impetus for the formation of new species It was this stronger current and geographic separation that, the authors say, prompted new speciation events in penguins (most biologists assume that new species usually arise after populations become geographically separated)
  • A new book correctly criticizes the idea that some species are superior . . .
    It answers the species question, at least in sexually-reproducing organisms The concept of genetic barriers (reproductive isolation) gives a natural explanation for nature’s lumpiness, and thus the question of “the origin of species” in sexually reproducing groups boils down to the question of “the origin of genetic barriers
  • Where did spiders come from? – Why Evolution Is True
    The basis of the paper (and an accompanying paper; see below) is the discovery in Myanmar of two pieces of amber dates at least 100 million years old, each containing what appears to be a member of the same species And that species sheds some light on the origin of spiders The authors name that species Chimerarachne yingi This creature has a





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