Proof 音标拼音: [pr'uf]
n . 证据,证明,试验,检验,考验
a . 不能透入的,证明用的,防…的
证据,证明,试验,检验,考验不能透入的,证明用的,防…的
proof 防潮
proof 证明
proof 核符总计
proof 证明 防止
proof adj 1 : (
used in combination or as a suffix )
able to withstand ;
"
temptation -
proof "; "
childproof locks "
n 1 :
any factual evidence that helps to establish the truth of something ; "
if you have any proof for what you say ,
now is the time to produce it " [
synonym : {
proof }, {
cogent evidence }]
2 :
a formal series of statements showing that if one thing is true something else necessarily follows from it 3 :
a measure of alcoholic strength expressed as an integer twice the percentage of alcohol present (
by volume )
4 : (
printing )
an impression made to check for errors [
synonym :
{
proof }, {
test copy }, {
trial impression }]
5 :
a trial photographic print from a negative 6 :
the act of validating ;
finding or testing the truth of something [
synonym : {
validation }, {
proof }, {
substantiation }]
v 1 :
make or take a proof of ,
such as a photographic negative ,
an etching ,
or typeset 2 :
knead to reach proper lightness ; "
proof dough "
3 :
read for errors ; "
I should proofread my manuscripts " [
synonym :
{
proofread }, {
proof }]
4 :
activate by mixing with water and sometimes sugar or milk ;
"
proof yeast "
5 :
make resistant (
to harm ); "
proof the materials against shrinking in the dryer "
Proof \
Proof \,
n . [
OF .
prove ,
proeve ,
F .
preuve ,
fr .
L .
proba ,
fr .
probare to prove .
See {
Prove }.]
[
1913 Webster ]
1 .
Any effort ,
process ,
or operation designed to establish or discover a fact or truth ;
an act of testing ;
a test ;
a trial .
[
1913 Webster ]
For whatsoever mother wit or art Could work ,
he put in proof . --
Spenser .
[
1913 Webster ]
You shall have many proofs to show your skill .
--
Ford .
[
1913 Webster ]
Formerly ,
a very rude mode of ascertaining the strength of spirits was practiced ,
called the proof .
--
Ure .
[
1913 Webster ]
2 .
That degree of evidence which convinces the mind of any truth or fact ,
and produces belief ;
a test by facts or arguments that induce ,
or tend to induce ,
certainty of the judgment ;
conclusive evidence ;
demonstration .
[
1913 Webster ]
I '
ll have some proof . --
Shak .
[
1913 Webster ]
It is no proof of a man '
s understanding to be able to confirm whatever he pleases . --
Emerson .
[
1913 Webster ]
Note :
Properly speaking ,
proof is the effect or result of evidence ,
evidence is the medium of proof .
Cf .
{
Demonstration },
1 .
[
1913 Webster ]
3 .
The quality or state of having been proved or tried ;
firmness or hardness that resists impression ,
or does not yield to force ;
impenetrability of physical bodies .
[
1913 Webster ]
4 .
Firmness of mind ;
stability not to be shaken .
[
1913 Webster ]
5 . (
Print .)
A trial impression ,
as from type ,
taken for correction or examination ; --
called also {
proof sheet }.
[
1913 Webster ]
6 . (
Math .)
A process for testing the accuracy of an operation performed .
Cf . {
Prove },
v .
t .,
5 .
[
1913 Webster ]
7 .
Armor of excellent or tried quality ,
and deemed impenetrable ;
properly ,
armor of proof . [
Obs .] --
Shak .
[
1913 Webster ]
{
Artist '
s proof },
a very early proof impression of an engraving ,
or the like ; --
often distinguished by the artist '
s signature .
{
Proof reader },
one who reads ,
and marks correction in ,
proofs .
See def .
5 ,
above .
[
1913 Webster ]
Syn :
Testimony ;
evidence ;
reason ;
argument ;
trial ;
demonstration .
See {
Testimony }.
[
1913 Webster ]
Proof \
Proof \,
a .
[
1913 Webster ]
1 .
Used in proving or testing ;
as ,
a proof load ,
or proof charge .
[
1913 Webster ]
2 .
Firm or successful in resisting ;
as ,
proof against harm ;
waterproof ;
bombproof .
[
1913 Webster ]
I . . .
have found thee Proof against all temptation . --
Milton .
[
1913 Webster ]
This was a good ,
stout proof article of faith .
--
Burke .
[
1913 Webster ]
3 .
Being of a certain standard as to strength ; --
said of alcoholic liquors .
[
1913 Webster ]
{
Proof charge } (
Firearms ),
a charge of powder and ball ,
greater than the service charge ,
fired in an arm ,
as a gun or cannon ,
to test its strength .
{
Proof impression }.
See under {
Impression }.
{
Proof load } (
Engin .),
the greatest load than can be applied to a piece ,
as a beam ,
column ,
etc .,
without straining the piece beyond the elastic limit .
{
Proof sheet }.
See {
Proof },
n .,
5 .
{
Proof spirit } (
Chem .),
a strong distilled liquor ,
or mixture of alcohol and water ,
containing not less than a standard amount of alcohol .
In the United States "
proof spirit is defined by law to be that mixture of alcohol and water which contains one half of its volume of alcohol ,
the alcohol when at a temperature of 60 [
deg ]
Fahrenheit being of specific gravity 0 .
7939 referred to water at its maximum density as unity .
Proof spirit has at 60 [
deg ]
Fahrenheit a specific gravity of 0 .
93353 ,
100 parts by volume of the same consisting of 50 parts of absolute alcohol and 53 .
71 parts of water ,"
the apparent excess of water being due to contraction of the liquids on mixture .
In England proof spirit is defined by Act 58 ,
George III .,
to be such as shall at a temperature of 51 [
deg ]
Fahrenheit weigh exactly the 12 /
13 part of an equal measure of distilled water .
This contains 49 .
3 per cent by weight ,
or 57 .
09 by volume ,
of alcohol .
Stronger spirits ,
as those of about 60 ,
70 ,
and 80 per cent of alcohol ,
are sometimes called second ,
third ,
and fourth proof spirits respectively .
{
Proof staff },
a straight -
edge used by millers to test the flatness of a stone .
{
Proof stick } (
Sugar Manuf .),
a rod in the side of a vacuum pan ,
for testing the consistency of the sirup .
{
Proof text },
a passage of Scripture used to prove a doctrine .
[
1913 Webster ]
278 Moby Thesaurus words for "
proof ":
Christophany ,
Ditto copy ,
Photostat ,
Satanophany ,
Xerox ,
Xerox copy ,
absolute indication ,
account ,
acid test ,
acquaintance ,
affirmation ,
airtight ,
ammunition ,
angelophany ,
announcement ,
appearance ,
argument ,
assay ,
attestation ,
authentication ,
avatar ,
backing ,
backing up ,
ballproof ,
basis for belief ,
bearing out ,
blank determination ,
blue ,
blue book ,
blueprint ,
body of evidence ,
bolstering ,
bombproof ,
briefing ,
bring out ,
brouillon ,
bulletin ,
bulletproof ,
burden of proof ,
burglarproof ,
buttressing ,
certification ,
chain of evidence ,
circumstantiation ,
clue ,
cold -
type proof ,
color proof ,
communication ,
communique ,
computer proof ,
conclusive evidence ,
confirmation ,
contact print ,
corroboration ,
corroboratory evidence ,
corrosionproof ,
criterion ,
crucial test ,
crucible ,
damning evidence ,
dampproof ,
data ,
datum ,
deduction ,
deductive reasoning ,
demonstration ,
determination ,
directory ,
disclosure ,
discourse ,
discourse of reason ,
discursive reason ,
dispatch ,
dissemination ,
docimasy ,
document ,
documentation ,
embodiment ,
engrave ,
enlargement ,
enlightenment ,
epiphany ,
essay ,
establishment ,
evidence ,
evincement ,
exhibit ,
expression ,
fact ,
facts ,
factual information ,
familiarization ,
feeling out ,
fire -
resisting ,
fireproof ,
first draft ,
flameproof ,
foolproof ,
fortification ,
foundry proof ,
galley ,
galley proof ,
gen ,
general information ,
get out ,
ground ,
grounds ,
grounds for belief ,
guidebook ,
handout ,
hard information ,
hectograph ,
hectograph copy ,
hermetic ,
holeproof ,
impenetrable ,
impervious ,
impervious to ,
impregnable ,
impress ,
impression ,
imprint ,
incarnation ,
incidental information ,
incontrovertible evidence ,
indication ,
indisputable evidence ,
induction ,
inductive reasoning ,
info ,
information ,
instruction ,
insulate ,
intelligence ,
ironclad proof ,
issue ,
item of evidence ,
kiteflying ,
knowledge ,
leakproof ,
light ,
logical thought ,
manifestation ,
mark ,
material grounds ,
materialization ,
measure ,
mention ,
message ,
mimeograph ,
mimeograph copy ,
multigraph ,
muniments ,
mute witness ,
negative ,
noiseproof ,
notice ,
notification ,
offprint ,
onus ,
onus probandi ,
ordeal ,
overprint ,
page proof ,
philosophy ,
photocopy ,
photograph ,
photostatic copy ,
piece of evidence ,
plate proof ,
pneumatophany ,
positive ,
premises ,
presentation ,
press proof ,
print ,
probation ,
progressive proof ,
promotional material ,
proof against ,
proof before letter ,
proof sheet ,
protective ,
prove ,
proving ,
proving out ,
publication ,
publicity ,
publish ,
pull ,
pull a proof ,
punctureproof ,
put out ,
put to bed ,
put to press ,
ratification ,
ratiocination ,
rationalism ,
rationality ,
rationalization ,
rationalizing ,
reason ,
reason to believe ,
reasonableness ,
reasoning ,
reinforcement ,
reissue ,
release ,
relevant fact ,
report ,
reprint ,
repro proof ,
resistant ,
revelation ,
revise ,
rough draft ,
rough sketch ,
run ,
run off ,
rustproof ,
settlement ,
shatterproof ,
shellproof ,
sidelight ,
sign ,
slip ,
sophistry ,
sounding out ,
soundproof ,
specious reasoning ,
stamp ,
standard ,
stat ,
statement ,
stone proof ,
strengthening ,
strike ,
strong ,
substantiation ,
support ,
supporting evidence ,
sure sign ,
sweet reason ,
symptom ,
tempered ,
test ,
test case ,
testament ,
testimonial ,
testimony ,
the dope ,
the goods ,
the know ,
the scoop ,
theophany ,
tight ,
token ,
touchstone ,
tough ,
transmission ,
trial ,
trial impression ,
try ,
undergirding ,
unmistakable sign ,
validation ,
vandyke ,
verification ,
waterproof ,
watertight ,
weatherproof ,
wherefore ,
white book ,
white paper ,
why ,
whyfor ,
witness ,
word 1 .
A {finite } sequence of {well -formed formulas }, F1 ,
F2 , ... Fn , where each Fi either is an {axiom }, or follows by
some rule of inference from some of the previous F 's , and Fn
is the statement being proved .
See also {proof theory }.
2 . A left -associative {natural language } {parser } by Craig
R . Latta . Ported to {Decstation
3100 }, {Sun -4 }.
{(ftp ://scam .berkeley .edu /pub /src /local /proof /)}.
E -mail : . Mailing list :
proof -requestf @xcf .berkeley .edu (Subject : add me ).
(1994 -11 -29 )PROOF ,
practice .
The conviction or persuasion of the mind of a judge or jury ,
by the exhibition of evidence ,
of the reality of a fact alleged :
as ,
to prove ,
is to determine or persuade that a thing does or does not exist .
8 Toull .
n .
2 ;
Ayl .
Parerg .
442 ;
2 Phil .
Ev .
44 ,
n ,
a .
Proof is the perfection of evidence ,
for without evidence there is no proof ,
although ,
there may be evidence which does not amount to proof :
for example ,
a man is found murdered at a spot where another had been seen walking but a short time before ,
this fact would be evidence to show that the latter was the murderer ,
but ,
standing alone ,
would be very far from proof of it .
2 .
Ayliffe defines judicial proof to be a clear and evident declaration or demonstration ,
of a matter which was before doubtful ,
conveyed in a judicial manner by fit and proper arguments ,
and likewise by all other legal methods ;
first ,
by proper arguments ,
such as conjectures ,
presumptions ,
indicia ,
and other adminicular ways and means ;
and ,
secondly ,
by legal method ,
or methods according to law ,
such as witnesses ,
public instruments ,
end the like .
Parerg .
442 Aso . &
Man .
Inst .
B .
3 ,
t .
7 .
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