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alkali 音标拼音: ['ælkəl,ɑɪ] n. 碱 硷 alkali n 1: any of various water-soluble compounds capable of turning litmus blue and reacting with an acid to form a salt and water; "bases include oxides and hydroxides of metals and ammonia" [synonym: {base}, {alkali}] 2: a mixture of soluble salts found in arid soils and some bodies of water; detrimental to agriculture Alkali \Al"ka*li\ (?; 277), n.; pl. {Alkalis} or {Alkalies}. [F. alcali, ultimately fr. Ar. alqal[imac] ashes of the plant saltwort, fr. qalay to roast in a pan, fry.] 1. Soda ash; caustic soda, caustic potash, etc. [1913 Webster] 2. (Chem.) One of a class of caustic bases, such as soda, potash, ammonia, and lithia, whose distinguishing peculiarities are solubility in alcohol and water, uniting with oils and fats to form soap, neutralizing and forming salts with acids, turning to brown several vegetable yellows, and changing reddened litmus to blue. [1913 Webster] 3. Soluble mineral matter, other than common salt, contained in soils of natural waters. [Western U. S.] [Webster 1913 Suppl.] {Fixed alkalies}, potash and soda. {Vegetable alkalies}. Same as {Alkaloids}. {Volatile alkali}, ammonia, so called in distinction from the fixed alkalies. [1913 Webster] 39 Moby Thesaurus words for "alkali":
acid, acidity, agent, alkalinity, alloisomer, anion, antacid, atom, base, biochemical, cation, chemical, chemical element, chromoisomer, compound, copolymer, dimer, element, heavy chemicals, high polymer, homopolymer, hydracid, inorganic chemical, ion, isomer, macromolecule, metamer, molecule, monomer, neutralizer, nonacid, organic chemical, oxyacid, polymer, pseudoisomer, radical, reagent, sulfacid, trimer
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