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cognomen n. 姓,绰号 姓,绰号 cognomen n 1: a familiar name for a person ( often a shortened version of a person' s given name); " Joe' s mother would not use his nickname and always called him Joseph"; " Henry' s nickname was Slim" [ synonym: { nickname}, { moniker}, { cognomen}, { sobriquet}, { soubriquet}, { byname}] 2: the name used to identify the members of a family ( as distinguished from each member' s given name) [ synonym: { surname}, { family name}, { cognomen}, { last name}] Name \ Name\ ( n[= a] m), n. [ AS. nama; akin to D. naam, OS. & OHG. namo, G. name, Icel. nafn, for namn, Dan. navn, Sw. namn, Goth. nam[= o], L. nomen ( perh. influenced by noscere, gnoscere, to learn to know), Gr. ' o` mona, Scr. n[= a] man. [ root] 267. Cf. { Anonymous}, { Ignominy}, { Misnomer}, { Nominal}, { Noun}.] 1. The title by which any person or thing is known or designated; a distinctive specific appellation, whether of an individual or a class. [ 1913 Webster] Whatsoever Adam called every living creature, that was the name thereof. -- Gen. ii. 19. [ 1913 Webster] What' s in a name? That which we call a rose By any other name would smell as sweet. -- Shak. [ 1913 Webster] 2. A descriptive or qualifying appellation given to a person or thing, on account of a character or acts. [ 1913 Webster] His name shall be called Wonderful, Counsellor, The mighty God, The everlasting Father, The Prince of Peace. -- Is. ix. 6. [ 1913 Webster] 3. Reputed character; reputation, good or bad; estimation; fame; especially, illustrious character or fame; honorable estimation; distinction. [ 1913 Webster] What men of name resort to him? -- Shak. [ 1913 Webster] Far above . . . every name that is named, not only in this world, but also in that which is to come. -- Eph. i. 21. [ 1913 Webster] I will get me a name and honor in the kingdom. -- 1 Macc. iii. 14. [ 1913 Webster] He hath brought up an evil name upon a virgin. -- Deut. xxii. 19. [ 1913 Webster] The king' s army . . . had left no good name behind. -- Clarendon. [ 1913 Webster] 4. Those of a certain name; a race; a family. [ 1913 Webster] The ministers of the republic, mortal enemies of his name, came every day to pay their feigned civilities. -- Motley. [ 1913 Webster] 5. A person, an individual. [ Poetic] [ 1913 Webster] They list with women each degenerate name. -- Dryden. [ 1913 Webster] { Christian name}. ( a) The name a person receives at baptism, as distinguished from { surname}; baptismal name; in western countries, it is also called a { first name}. ( b) A given name, whether received at baptism or not. { Given name}. See under { Given}. { In name}, in profession, or by title only; not in reality; as, a friend in name. { In the name of}. ( a) In behalf of; by the authority of. " I charge you in the duke' s name to obey me." -- Shak. ( b) In the represented or assumed character of. " I' ll to him again in name of Brook." -- Shak. { Name plate}, a plate as of metal, glass, etc., having a name upon it, as a sign; a doorplate. { Pen name}, a name assumed by an author; a pseudonym or { nom de plume}. -- Bayard Taylor. { Proper name} ( Gram.), a name applied to a particular person, place, or thing. { To call names}, to apply opprobrious epithets to; to call by reproachful appellations. { To take a name in vain}, to use a name lightly or profanely; to use a name in making flippant or dishonest oaths. -- Ex. xx. 7. [ 1913 Webster] Syn: Appellation; title; designation; cognomen; denomination; epithet. Usage: { Name}, { Appellation}, { Title}, { Denomination}. Name is generic, denoting that combination of sounds or letters by which a person or thing is known and distinguished. Appellation, although sometimes put for name simply, denotes, more properly, a descriptive term ( called also { agnomen} or { cognomen}), used by way of marking some individual peculiarity or characteristic; as, Charles the Bold, Philip the Stammerer. A title is a term employed to point out one' s rank, office, etc.; as, the Duke of Bedford, Paul the Apostle, etc. Denomination is to particular bodies what appellation is to individuals; thus, the church of Christ is divided into different denominations, as Congregationalists, Episcopalians, Presbyterians, etc. [ 1913 Webster]
Cognomen \ Cog* no" men\, n. [ L.: co- ( g) nomen name.] 1. The last of the three names of a person among the ancient Romans, denoting his house or family. [ 1913 Webster] 2. ( Eng. Law) A surname. [ 1913 Webster] 47 Moby Thesaurus words for " cognomen": affectionate name, agnomen, appellation, appellative, binomen, binomial name, byname, byword, cryptonym, denomination, designation, diminutive, empty title, epithet, eponym, euonym, family name, handle, honorific, hypocoristic, hyponym, label, last name, maiden name, married name, matronymic, moniker, name, namesake, nickname, nomen, nomen nudum, patronymic, pet name, praenomen, proper name, proper noun, scientific name, secret name, sobriquet, style, surname, tag, tautonym, title, trinomen, trinomial nameCOGNOMEN. A Latin word, which signifies a family name. The praenomen among the Romans distinguished the person, the nomen, the gens, or all the kindred descended from a remote common stock through males, while the cognomen denoted the particular family. The agnomen was added on account of some particular event, as a further distinction. Thus, in the designation Publius Cornelius Scipio Africanus, Publius is the proenomen, Cornelius is the nomen, Scipio the cognomen, and Africanus the agnomen. Vicat. These several terms occur frequently in the Roman laws. See Cas. temp. Hardw. 286; 1 Tayl. 148. See Name; Surname.
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