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rubbing    音标拼音: [r'ʌbɪŋ]
n. 摩擦,研磨,按磨

摩擦,研磨,按磨

rubbing
n 1: the resistance encountered when one body is moved in
contact with another [synonym: {friction}, {rubbing}]
2: representation consisting of a copy (as of an engraving) made
by laying paper over something and rubbing it with charcoal
3: effort expended in moving one object over another with
pressure [synonym: {friction}, {detrition}, {rubbing}]

Rub \Rub\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Rubbed}; p. pr. & vb. n.
{Rubbing}.] [Probably of Celtic origin; cf. W. rhwbiaw, gael.
rub.]
1. To subject (a body) to the action of something moving over
its surface with pressure and friction, especially to the
action of something moving back and forth; as, to rub the
flesh with the hand; to rub wood with sandpaper.
[1913 Webster]

It shall be expedient, after that body is cleaned,
to rub the body with a coarse linen cloth. --Sir T.
Elyot.
[1913 Webster]

2. To move over the surface of (a body) with pressure and
friction; to graze; to chafe; as, the boat rubs the
ground.
[1913 Webster]

3. To cause (a body) to move with pressure and friction along
a surface; as, to rub the hand over the body.
[1913 Webster]

Two bones rubbed hard against one another.
--Arbuthnot.
[1913 Webster]

4. To spread a substance thinly over; to smear.
[1913 Webster]

The smoothed plank, . . .
New rubbed with balm. --Milton.
[1913 Webster]

5. To scour; to burnish; to polish; to brighten; to cleanse;
-- often with up or over; as, to rub up silver.
[1913 Webster]

The whole business of our redemption is to rub over
the defaced copy of the creation. --South.
[1913 Webster]

6. To hinder; to cross; to thwart. [R.]
[1913 Webster]

'T is the duke's pleasure,
Whose disposition, all the world well knows,
Will not be rubbed nor stopped. --Shak.
[1913 Webster]

{To rub down}.
(a) To clean by rubbing; to comb or curry; as, to down a
horse.
(b) To reduce or remove by rubbing; as, to rub down the
rough points.

{To rub off}, to clean anything by rubbing; to separate by
friction; as, to rub off rust.

{To rub out}, to remove or separate by friction; to erase; to
obliterate; as, to rub out a mark or letter; to rub out a
stain.

{To rub up}.
(a) To burnish; to polish; to clean.
(b) To excite; to awaken; to rouse to action; as, to rub
up the memory.
[1913 Webster]


Rubbing \Rub"bing\,
a. & n. from {Rub}, v.
[1913 Webster]

86 Moby Thesaurus words for "rubbing":
apograph, brushing, carbon, carbon copy, caressing, companion,
confrication, contacting, contingent, copy, dead ringer, double,
duplicate, duplication, effigy, exact likeness, feeling, fellow,
fiche, fingering, frication, fricative, friction, frictional,
frottage, glancing, grazing, handling, hectography, icon, idol,
image, impingent, impinging, in contact, likeness, living image,
living picture, manifold, manipulation, match, mate, meeting,
microcopy, microfiche, microform, mimeography, miniature,
mirroring, model, nudging, osculatory, palpation, perfrication,
petting, photograph, picture, portrait, pressure, recording,
reduplication, reflection, reproduction, reprography, resemblance,
rub, semblance, shadow, similitude, simulacrum, spit and image,
spitting image, stroking, tangent, tangential, tenor, touching,
trace, tracing, transcript, transcription, transfer, twin,
very image, very picture, xerography


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  • Chemical bonding | Definition, Types, Examples | Britannica
    Chemical bonding, any of the interactions that account for the association of atoms into molecules, ions, crystals, and other species When atoms approach one another, their electrons interact and tend to distribute themselves in space so that the total energy is lower than it would be in any alternative arrangement
  • Covalent bond | Definition, Properties, Examples, Facts | Britannica
    Covalent bond, in chemistry, the interatomic linkage that results from the sharing of an electron pair between two atoms The binding arises from the electrostatic attraction of their nuclei for the same electrons A bond forms when the bonded atoms have a lower total energy than that of widely separated atoms
  • Polarity | Definition Examples | Britannica
    Polarity, in chemical bonding, the distribution of electrical charge over the atoms joined by the bond While bonds between identical atoms such as two of hydrogen are electrically uniform in that both hydrogen atoms are electrically neutral, bonds between atoms of different elements are electrically inequivalent
  • Ionic bond | Definition, Properties, Examples, Facts | Britannica
    Ionic bond, type of linkage formed from the electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions in a chemical compound Such a bond forms when the valence (outermost) electrons of one atom are transferred permanently to another atom Learn more about ionic bonds in this article
  • Features and types of chemical bonding | Britannica
    Below is the article summary For the full article, see chemical bonding polar covalent bond In polar covalent bonds, such as that between hydrogen and oxygen atoms, the electrons are not transferred from one atom to the other as they are in an ionic bond Instead, some outer electrons merely spend more time in the vicinity of the other atom
  • Hydrogen bonding | Definition, Examples, Facts | Britannica
    Hydrogen bonding, interaction involving a hydrogen atom located between a pair of other atoms having a high affinity for electrons; such a bond is weaker than an ionic bond or covalent bond but stronger than van der Waals forces Hydrogen bonds can exist between atoms in different molecules or in the same molecule
  • Double bond | Definition, Characteristics, Examples, Facts | Britannica
    A double bond is a type of covalent bond in which two pairs of electrons (four electrons total) are shared between two atoms It is represented by two parallel lines (=) in a structural formula
  • Chemical compound | Definition, Examples, Types | Britannica
    Chemical compound, any substance composed of identical molecules consisting of atoms of two or more chemical elements All the matter in the universe is composed of the atoms of more than 100 different chemical elements, which are found both in pure form and combined in chemical compounds
  • Molecule | Definition, Examples, Structures, Facts | Britannica
    Molecule, a group of two or more atoms that form the smallest identifiable unit into which a pure substance can be divided and still retain the composition and chemical properties of that substance Learn more about the properties and structures of molecules in this article
  • Single bond | Definition, Examples, Facts | Britannica
    A single bond is a type of chemical bond in which two atoms share one pair of electrons, one electron from each atom This bond is represented by a single line (―) between the two atoms in structural formulas





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