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sham    音标拼音: [ʃ'æm]
n. 假,赝品,骗子,哄骗
a. 假的,伪造的
vt. 假装,学样子
vi. 装假

假,赝品,骗子,哄骗假的,伪造的假装,学样子装假

sham
adj 1: adopted in order to deceive; "an assumed name"; "an
assumed cheerfulness"; "a fictitious address"; "fictive
sympathy"; "a pretended interest"; "a put-on childish
voice"; "sham modesty" [synonym: {assumed}, {false},
{fictitious}, {fictive}, {pretended}, {put on}, {sham}]
n 1: something that is a counterfeit; not what it seems to be
[synonym: {fake}, {sham}, {postiche}]
2: a person who makes deceitful pretenses [synonym: {imposter},
{impostor}, {pretender}, {fake}, {faker}, {fraud}, {sham},
{shammer}, {pseudo}, {pseud}, {role player}]
v 1: make a pretence of; "She assumed indifference, even though
she was seething with anger"; "he feigned sleep" [synonym:
{simulate}, {assume}, {sham}, {feign}]
2: make believe with the intent to deceive; "He feigned that he
was ill"; "He shammed a headache" [synonym: {feign}, {sham},
{pretend}, {affect}, {dissemble}]

Sham \Sham\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Shammed}; p. pr. & vb. n.
{Shamming}.]
1. To trick; to cheat; to deceive or delude with false
pretenses.
[1913 Webster]

Fooled and shammed into a conviction. --L'Estrange.
[1913 Webster]

2. To obtrude by fraud or imposition. [R.]
[1913 Webster]

We must have a care that we do not . . . sham
fallacies upon the world for current reason.
--L'Estrange.
[1913 Webster]

3. To assume the manner and character of; to imitate; to ape;
to feign.
[1913 Webster]

{To sham Abram} or {To sham Abraham}, to feign sickness; to
malinger. Hence a malingerer is called, in sailors' cant,
Sham Abram, or Sham Abraham.
[1913 Webster]


Sham \Sham\, v. i.
To make false pretenses; to deceive; to feign; to impose.
[1913 Webster]

Wondering . . . whether those who lectured him were
such fools as they professed to be, or were only
shamming. --Macaulay.
[1913 Webster]


Sham \Sham\ (sh[a^]m), n. [Originally the same word as shame,
hence, a disgrace, a trick. See {Shame}, n.]
1. That which deceives expectation; any trick, fraud, or
device that deludes and disappoints; a make-believe;
delusion; imposture; humbug. "A mere sham." --Bp.
Stillingfleet.
[1913 Webster]

Believe who will the solemn sham, not I. --Addison.
[1913 Webster]

2. A false front, or removable ornamental covering.
[1913 Webster]

{Pillow sham}, a covering to be laid on a pillow.
[1913 Webster]


Sham \Sham\, a.
False; counterfeit; pretended; feigned; unreal; as, a sham
fight.
[1913 Webster]

They scorned the sham independence proffered to them by
the Athenians. --Jowett
(Thucyd)
[1913 Webster]

279 Moby Thesaurus words for "sham":
Tartuffery, Tartuffism, act, act a part, acting, adulterated,
affect, affectation, affected, affectedness, airs, airs and graces,
alibi, ape, apocryphal, apology, appearance, artificial,
artificiality, assume, assumed, attitudinizing, bastard, blagueur,
blazon, blind, bluff, bluffer, bluffing, bogus, bravura,
brilliancy, brummagem, burlesque, cant, caricature, charlatan,
cheat, cheating, clinquant, cloak, color, colorable, colored,
coloring, copy, counterfeit, counterfeited, cover, cover story,
cover up, cover-up, create, daring, dash, deceit, deception,
delusion, demonstration, device, disguise, display, dissemblance,
dissemble, dissembling, dissimulate, dissimulation, distorted,
do a bit, dramatics, dramatize, dressed up, dummy, eclat,
embellished, embroidered, ersatz, etalage, excuse, exhibition,
exhibitionism, facade, face, factitious, fake, faked, fakement,
faker, fakery, faking, false, false air, false front, false show,
falsified, falsity, fanfaronade, farce, feign, feigned,
feigned belief, feigning, feint, fictitious, fictive, figure,
flair, flam, flaunt, flaunting, flourish, forged, forgery,
four-flush, four-flushing, fourflusher, frame-up, fraud,
fraudulent, front, gammon, garbled, gilt, gloss, guise, handle,
histrionics, histrionize, hoax, hokey, humbug, humbuggery,
hypocrisy, hypocritical, hypocriticalness, illegitimate, image,
imitate, imitation, impersonator, impostor, imposture, insincerity,
invent, junk, junky, lame excuse, let on, let on like, lie,
locus standi, made-up, make a pretense, make as if, make believe,
make like, make out like, make-believe, malingerer, man-made,
manifestation, mannerism, mask, masquerade, mere show,
meretriciousness, mislead, mock, mountebank, ostensible motive,
ostentation, outward show, overact, pageant, pageantry, parade,
paste, pecksniffery, perverted, pharisaicalness, pharisaism, phony,
pinchbeck, plagiarized, plaster, play, play a part, play a scene,
play possum, playact, playacting, poor excuse, pose, poser, poseur,
posing, posture, pretend, pretended, pretender, pretense,
pretension, pretext, profess, protestation, prunes and prisms,
pseudo, public image, public motive, put on, put on airs, put-off,
put-on, put-up job, putting on airs, quack, quacksalver, quackster,
quasi, queer, refuge, representation, ringer, rip-off, saltimbanco,
sanctimoniousness, sanctimony, screen, seeming, self-styled, sell,
semblance, shammer, shoddy, show, showing-off, simulacrum,
simulate, simulated, simulation, smoke screen, snide, so-called,
soi-disant, speciousness, spectacle, splash, splurge, spoof,
spurious, staginess, stalking-horse, stratagem, stylishness,
substitute, subterfuge, supposititious, swindle, synthetic,
theatrics, tin, tinsel, titivated, travesty, trick,
tug the heartstrings, twisted, unauthentic, ungenuine, unnatural,
unnaturalness, unreal, varnish, vaunt, veil, warped, wear,
whited sepulcher, window dressing


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  • SHAM Definition Meaning - Merriam-Webster
    imposture, fraud, sham, fake, humbug, counterfeit mean a thing made to seem other than it is imposture applies to any situation in which a spurious object or performance is passed off as genuine
  • SHAM | English meaning - Cambridge Dictionary
    ʃæm pretended; not real: a sham battle (Definition of sham from the Cambridge Academic Content Dictionary © Cambridge University Press)
  • Sham - definition of sham by The Free Dictionary
    1 a spurious imitation; fraud or hoax 2 a person who pretends or counterfeits 3 a cover or the like: a pillow sham
  • Sham Definition Meaning | Britannica Dictionary
    SHAM meaning: 1 : something that is not what it appears to be and that is meant to trick or deceive people; 2 : someone who deceives people by pretending to be a particular kind of person, to have a particular skill, etc
  • SHAM definition and meaning | Collins English Dictionary
    Something that is a sham is not real or is not really what it seems to be The government's promises were exposed as a hollow sham Many of the world's leaders have already denounced this election as a sham sham marriages Collins COBUILD Advanced Learner’s Dictionary Copyright © HarperCollins Publishers
  • sham - WordReference. com Dictionary of English
    sham (sham), n , adj , v , shammed, sham•ming n something that is not what it purports to be; a spurious imitation; fraud or hoax a person who shams; shammer a cover or the like for giving a thing a different outward appearance: a pillow sham adj pretended; counterfeit; feigned: sham attacks; a sham Gothic façade designed, made, or
  • sham - Wiktionary, the free dictionary
    Alternatively, sham is a term that is used to describe the bottom thick base of a glass, usually a wine or stem glass, where the stem meets the bulbous shape bowl Glass manufacturers would increase the "sham" to deceive customers into thinking a glass holds more than it actually does
  • Sham - Definition, Meaning, Synonyms Etymology
    Something that is not genuine or authentic, but rather an imitation or a fake "She realized too late that the charity organization was a sham " For example, a counterfeit product or a fraudulent scheme can be described as a sham
  • Shame - Wikipedia
    Shame is a discrete, basic emotion, described as a moral or social emotion that drives people to hide or deny their wrongdoings [1][2] Moral emotions are emotions that have an influence on a person's decision-making skills and monitors different social behaviors [2] The focus of shame is on the self or the individual with respect to a perceived audience It can bring about profound feelings
  • SHAM Synonyms: 253 Similar and Opposite Words - Merriam-Webster
    Some common synonyms of sham are counterfeit, fake, fraud, humbug, and imposture While all these words mean "a thing made to seem other than it is," sham applies to fraudulent imitation of a real thing or action





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