codes 音标拼音: [k'odz]
码
码
codes 码
1 .
Programs . This usage is common among scientific
computing people who use {supercumputers } for heavy -duty
number crunching }.
2 . Something to do with {cryptography }.
Jargon File }]
1994 -10 -28 )codes :
n . [
scientific computing ]
Programs .
This usage is common in people who hack supercomputers and heavy -
duty number -
crunching ,
rare to unknown elsewhere (
if you say “
codes ”
to hackers outside scientific computing ,
their first association is likely to be “
and cyphers ”).
CODES ,
Les Cing Codes ;
French law .
The five codes .
2 .
These codes are ,
1st .
Code Civil ,
which is divided into three books ;
book 1 ,
treats of persons ,
and of the enjoyment and privation of civil rights ;
book 2 ,
of property and its different modifications ;
book 3 ,
of the different ways of acquiring property .
One of the most perspicuous and able ,
commentators on this code is Toullier ,
frequently cited in this work .
3 .-
2d .
Code de procedure civille ,
which is divided into two parts .
Part 1 ,
is divided into five books ;
1 .
of justices of the .
peace ;
2 .
of inferior tribunals ;
3 .
of royal courts ;
4 .
of extraordinary means of proceeding ;
5 .
of execution and judgment .
Part 2 ,
is divided into three books ;
1 .
of tender and consignation ;
2 .
of process in relation to the opening of a succession ;
3 .
of arbitration .
4 .-
3d .
Code de Commerce ,
in four books ;
1 .
of commerce in general ;
2 .
of maritime commerce ;
3 .
of failures and bankruptcy ;
4 .
of commercial jurisdiction .
Pardessus is one of the ablest commentators on this code .
5 .-
4th .
Code d '
Instructions Criminelle ,
in two books ;
1 .
of judiciary police ,
and its officers ;
2 .
of the administration of justice .
6 .-
5th .
Code Penal ,
in four books ;
1 .
of punishment in criminal and correctional cases ,
and their effects ;
2 .
of the persons punishable ,
excusable or responsible ,
for their crimes or misdemeanors ;
3 .
of crimes ,
misdemeanors , (
delits ,)
and their punishment ;
4 .
of contraventions of police ,
and their punishment .
For the history of these codes ,
vide Merl .
Rep .
h .
t .;
Motifs ,
Rapports ,
Opinions et Discours sur les Codes ;
Encyclop .
Amer .
h .
t .
7 .
Henrion de Pansey ,
late a president of the Court of Cassation ,
remarks in reference to these codes : "
In the midst of the innovations of these later times ,
a system of uniformity has suddenly engrossed all minds ,
and we have had imposed upon us the same weights ,
the same measures ,
the same laws ,
civil ,
criminal ,
rural and commercial .
These new codes ,
like everything which comes from the hand of man ,
have imperfections and obscurities .
The administration of them is committed to nearly thirty sovereign courts and a multitude of petty tribunals ,
composed of only three judges ,
and yet are invested with the right of determining in the last resort ,
under many circumstances .
Each tribunal ,
the natural interpreter of these laws ,
applies them according to its own view ,
and the new codes were scarcely in operation before this beautiful system of uniformity became nothing more than a vain theory .
Authorite Judiciaire ,
c .
31 ,
s .
10 .
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